IPv6 : Internet Protocol Version 6

IPv6 addresses are considered INFINITE because :

An IPv6 address is encoded on 128bits.

Number of available addresses: 2¹²⁸ ~= 340.10³⁶

IPv6 addresses introduce packet security via the protocol: IPsec = IP Security

IPv6 allows : Private addresses --> Immediate public addresses

It is possible to use multiple Internet Service Providers.

IPv6 properties :

Communication types :

Broadcast :

Broadcast communications do not exist in IPv6.

Multicast:

IPv6 uses Multicast. Multicast allows you to communicate with several hosts without necessarily talking to everyone.

IPv6 structure

An IPv6 address is written in hexadecimal. Example:

FD00:0000:0000:21AB:0021:5143:0000:C002

xxxx = 16 bits = 1 HEXTET

Simplification :

FD00:0000:0000:21AB:0021:5143:0000:C002 -> FD00::21AB:0021:5143:0000:C002 ----> FD00::21AB:21:5143:0000:C002

Convert IPv6 address :

FD00:0000:0000:21AB:0021:5143:0000:C002

5 = 0000 0101 1 = 0000 0001 4 = 0000 0100 3 = 0000 0011

CIDR notation

In IPv6, there are : -> Network ID (NETID) => Network prefix -> Host ID => Host ID -> A part included in the NETID: Subnet ID

Subnet ID + Network ID = Site ID

FD00:0000:0000:21AB:0021:5143:0000:C002

21AB = 00000010 00000001 00000110 00001011

The bold part represents the network part, up to 54 bits. The rest of the address must be 0 to have the network address.

Here's the final address: FD00:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/54

Simplification: FD00::/54

Address types :

LLA addresses: Link Local Address => LLA is not routable

THE FIRST HEXTET IS: FE80

The ULA addresses: Unique Local Address, inter-site communications => ULA is not routable on the Internet.

THE FIRST HEXTET IS: FCxx

The GUA addresses: Global Unicast Address => Routable on internet

These are all addresses that do not begin with FE80 or FCxx.

Local Host address: ::/1 | ::1

Unspecified addresses: 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0/128

The Multicast addresses: FIRST HEXTET IS: FFOx